Dr Sai Tej

Pulmonary artery hypertension

Pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH) is a condition where the pressure in the pulmonary arteries, becomes abnormally high. This can occur due to various reasons, including heart conditions, lung diseases, and genetic disorders. As the pressure in the pulmonary arteries increases, the right side of the heart has to work harder to pump blood into the lungs, leading to right ventricular failure and potentially fatal complications. symptoms of PAH include shortness of breath, fatigue, chest pain, and swelling in the legs and feet. If left untreated, PAH can lead to right ventricular failure, cor pulmonale, and ultimately death. Treatment options for PAH include medications that dilate the blood vessels, reduce blood pressure, and improve cardiac function. Lung transplantation may also be considered in severe cases. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to manage PAH effectively and improve quality of life

Symptoms of Pulmonary artery hypertension

  • Shortness of breath, especially during physical activity

  • Fatigue or tiredness, even with normal tasks

  • Chest pain or pressure, often during exertion

  • Swelling in the legs, ankles, feet, or abdomen (edema)

  • Dizziness or lightheadedness

  • Fainting spells (syncope)

  • Bluish lips or skin (a sign of low oxygen levels)

  • Rapid heartbeat or palpitations

Risk factors:

> Genetic mutations: Certain genetic mutations, such as those affecting the BMPR2 gene, can increase the risk of developing PAH.

> Family history: Having a family history of PAH or other pulmonary vascular diseases can increase the risk of developing the condition.

> Chronic lung disease: Conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), pulmonary fibrosis, and sleep apnea can increase the risk of developing PAH.

> High altitude: Living at high altitudes can increase the risk of developing PAH due to the lower oxygen levels.

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